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All emergency & critical care briefings

The edition · Emergency & Critical Care

Fourteen days of ECG monitoring after unexplained syncope in the ED did not reduce further faints

ASPIRED, a 2,234-patient UK trial, questions routine extended monitoring from the emergency department. Also: one-year survival after ECMO by type, where beta-blockers help and harm in critical illness, what the evidence says about 'medical clearance' for psychiatric patients, and where children with mental health crises present.

The edition in brief

In ASPIRED, 2,234 adults whose syncope remained unexplained after emergency department assessment were randomised to immediate 14-day ambulatory ECG monitoring or usual care; syncope episodes at a year did not differ (IRR 0.89, 0.68-1.18), and monitoring brought more minor adverse events. A meta-analysis of 163 studies found one-year mortality of 37% after venovenous ECMO, 55% after venoarterial ECMO and 74% after extracorporeal CPR, with functional outcomes reported in fewer than a quarter of studies. An Intensive Care Medicine review concludes beta-blockers have established roles in myocardial infarction, tachyarrhythmias, hypertensive emergencies, thyroid storm and variceal bleeding prevention, but limited or conflicting evidence in septic shock, traumatic brain injury, acute heart failure and burns. A scoping review of medical screening for adult psychiatric presentations found mostly retrospective evidence, and most society statements discouraged routine laboratory testing. In US data covering 5.4 million paediatric mental health ED visits, half were to high-volume paediatric EDs, and presentation patterns differed by ethnicity and diagnosis.

In this edition
01Clinical update

Beta-blockers in critical illness: clear roles in five settings, uncertain in septic shock and brain injury

Use beta-blockers in critical illness where benefit is established, and do not suppress a compensatory tachycardia in shock.

1 min · Intensive care medicineRead →
02Research

One year after ECMO: 37% mortality with venovenous, 55% venoarterial, 74% after ECPR

Quote modality-specific long-term survival — about 63% after venovenous ECMO, 45% venoarterial and 26% after ECPR — when discussing ECMO, and acknowledge how little is known about function.

1 min · Critical care medicineRead →
03Research

'Medical clearance' for psychiatric patients rests on thin evidence; most societies advise against routine bloods

Screen psychiatric presentations with history, vital signs and examination, and order investigations when those point to them rather than routinely.

1 min · Annals of emergency medicineRead →
04Research

Children's mental health emergencies: half presented to high-volume paediatric EDs

Every ED that sees children needs a pathway for paediatric mental health crises; half present outside specialist paediatric departments.

1 min · Annals of emergency medicineRead →
05Pearl

Syncope red flags that justify arrhythmia work-up

Target arrhythmia work-up at exertional, supine or prodrome-free syncope, structural heart disease, an abnormal ECG or a family history of sudden death.

1 minRead →
06
Practice changer

Unexplained syncope in the ED: 14-day ECG monitoring did not reduce recurrence

After a normal ED assessment for syncope, do not arrange routine 14-day ECG monitoring; target it at patients with arrhythmic red flags.

2 min · The New England journal of medicineRead →
Primary outcome
Mean patient-reported syncope episodes at 1 year
Effect
1.37 vs 1.58; IRR 0.89 (95% CI 0.68 to 1.18)

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